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Photo: A bone from the Qesem Cave showing irregular cutmarks

Credit: Photo by Dr. Mary Stiner

An interesting article published in Science Daily discusses how archaeologists are studying communal habits of butchering meat. The following is an excerpt from the article:

New finds unearthed at Qesem Cave in Israel suggest that during the late Lower Paleolithic period (between 400,000 and 200,000 years ago), people hunted and shared meat differently than they did in later times. Instead of a prey’s carcass being prepared by just one or two persons resulting in clear and repeated cutting marks — the forefathers of the modern butcher — cut marks on ancient animal bones suggest something else.

“The cut marks we are finding are both more abundant and more randomly oriented than those observed in later times, such as the Middle and Upper Paleolithic periods,” says Prof. Avi Gopher of TAU’s Department of Archaeology. “What this could mean is that either one person from the clan butchered the group’s meat in a few episodes over time, or multiple persons hacked away at it in tandem,” he interprets. This finding provides clues as to social organization and structures in these early groups of hunters and gatherers, he adds.

Qesem, which means “magic” in Hebrew, was discovered seven miles east of Tel Aviv about nine years ago during highway construction. It is being excavated on behalf of TAU’s Department of Archaeology by Prof. Avi Gopher and Dr. Ran Barkai in collaboration with an international group of experts. The cave contains the remains of animal bones dating back to 400,000 years ago. Most of the remains are from fallow deer, others from wild ancestors of horse, cattle, pig, and even some tortoise. The data that this dig provides has been invaluable: Until now there was considerable speculation as to whether or not people from the late Lower Paleolithic era were able to hunt at all, or whether they were reduced to scavenging, the researchers say.

Although the practice of butchering meat described in the article precedes the arrival of the people of the Bible by thousands of years, the practice described in the article sheds light on the hunting and meat-sharing rituals of primitive people who lived in what is known today as the land of the Bible.

Claude Mariottini
Professor of Old Testament
Northern Baptist Seminary

Tags: Qesem Cave

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